Deep varicose veins are a very unpleasant and very dangerous wound of the venous vessels of the circulatory system.
Varicose veins of the deep veins of the lower extremities are a pathology that spreads to the vessels that pass into the muscular structures of the legs. Elongation and dilation of venous vessels significantly impairs blood flow and becomes the cause of the onset and progression of thrombosis.
The risk of this disease lies in the occurrence of a high probability of detachment of a thrombus formed in the vessel wall and its transport to the pulmonary artery.
When this disease occurs, an irreversible process of elongation and dilation of venous vessels occurs. As the process progresses, a thinning of the venous wall is observed and the formation of nodules that impede the free transport of blood through the vessels occurs.
Most often people aged 30-40 years and older are susceptible to this disease.
Causes of the onset and development of the disease can be a variety of adverse factors. Varicose veins are the result of a serious disturbance in blood circulation in a specific area of the lower extremities.
As the disease progresses in the patient, trophic ulcers may appear at the site of circulatory disorders, which may provoke the appearance of gangrene - a condition that requires amputation of the affected part of the limb.
Furthermore, VRV can provoke deformity of the muscles of the lower extremities, and the formation of a blood clot with its possible subsequent division and transport into the pulmonary artery can lead to death.The main factors that contribute to the onset of the disorder and its progression are as follows:
Furthermore, the causes of the disease can be:
Furthermore, cellulite can become the cause of the development of pathology.
Timely identification of the disease allows a visit to a qualified phlebologist at the first suspicion of the onset of the disease.
Most often, in the initial stage of progression, the disease is manifested by the appearance of a feeling of slight fatigue in the legs after a prolonged static load on them or after a long walk. In addition, during this period, slight swelling of the tissues of the extremities appears.
The most common symptoms of the disorder appear at the end of light hours and gradually disappear with a long rest. When these signs appear, it is necessary to consult a phlebologist and perform special studies to identify and clarify the presence of pathology.
The use of laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods allows us to identify the degree of disease development and make a decision on the use of a timely and adequate course of treatment of the disease. With further progression of the disease, it passes into more advanced stages, characterized by the appearance of a whole spectrum of symptoms and signs characteristic of a progressive disease.
For advanced stages of pathology, the following symptoms are characteristic:
Further progression of the disease leads to the appearance of small wounds that can not heal for a long time and then turn into trophic ulcers.
In the absence of adequate and timely treatment, the development of the disease for the patient can be fatal. The progression of varicose veins leads to a gradual deformation of muscle structures and the appearance of negative changes in skin and bone mass.
With prolonged progression, the patient develops signs of eczema and forms trophic ulcers that can turn into gangrene. Which leads to sepsis or death.
The process of thrombus formation takes place in venous vessels affected by varicose veins. As a result of this process, the formed thrombus is able to break down and be transported through the circulatory system.
When a blood clot enters the pulmonary artery, it becomes blocked and a person dies.
An experienced phlebologist can determine the presence of varicose veins of the lower extremities with characteristic symptoms that are clearly visible in the picture of the legs, but the methods of treatment of the disease are selected individually after a detailed examination ofthe patient and taking into account all the individual characteristics of his body.
Laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods are used to identify the presence and stage of disease development. Laboratory methods include a general analysis of blood and urine.
The most common method of instrumental diagnosis is the use of ultrasound examination of the venous vessels of the legs. This technique allows you to visualize the vascular system and identify the degree of progression of the pathological process.
In addition, if necessary, the attending physician prescribes the following:
The use of occlusive venous plethysmography makes it possible to detect blood volume in the veins of the lower extremities.
Only after a thorough examination and results is the patient assigned an appropriate course of treatment.
Modern medicine offers several options for treating the disease - medicinal, non-medicinal and surgical.
In parallel, after consulting the attending physician, you can use non-traditional and alternative home treatment methods.
Surgical intervention is the most reliable way to treat the disease. The use of drug therapy in the form of tablets, special oils and gels for external use can play a complementary role and is actually supportive therapy.
The use of drug therapy involves the use of several types of drugs during treatment - anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, venotonic and fibrinolytic action
Anticoagulants dilute the blood and prevent the formation of blood clots. Anti-inflammatory drugs contribute to the relief of inflammatory processes in the walls of venous vessels. Venotonics help to increase the tone of the vein walls, and fibrinolytics help disperse small clots and help clean the venous bed.
Thanks to the use of medication, more often the disappearance of such a manifestation of the disease as edema, in addition, an improvement in the condition of the superficial skin is observed. The main condition for the use of medication is strict adherence to the doctor's recommendations and adherence to the doses of medication taken.
For a complete cure of varicose veins, surgery is recommended.
Furthermore, surgical methods are used in the absence of positive dynamics during drug therapy.
The most common methods of surgical treatment of pathology are:
Scleotherapy involves the use of special substances during the procedure - sclerosants, injected into the lumen of the affected vein and leading to adhesion of the vessel walls. This procedure allows you to remove the venous vessel from the circulatory system, which prevents the development of pathology. This technique is very rarely used in case of a severe form of violation.
Phlebectomy consists of removing the affected area of the venous vessel. Most often, this method is used to identify superficial vein lesions, but in some cases it is applicable in the treatment of deep vein vessels of the extremities.
Laser coagulation is a type of minimally invasive surgery and is performed using a laser, allowing you to remove the affected area of the vein from the circulatory system by sticking its walls under the action of laser radiation. This method of treatment received the most positive feedback from patients, for the fact that it is virtually painless and does not require a long recovery period.
The use of surgical treatment methods allows you to completely get rid of the characteristic symptoms of varicose veins. And the choice of surgery technique depends on the degree of development of the pathology, the individual characteristics of the patient and is performed by the attending physician.